on November 15th 106

A Complete Guide to the ATMEGA16U2 Microcontroller

The ATMEGA16U2 microcontroller is a versatile component that plays a major role in embedded systems, offering a range of pins with specialized functions. This microcontroller is highly adaptable, enabling applications that span from simple digital interactions to complex analog and PWM tasks. In this article, we’ll dive into the specific functions of each pin, their physical layout, and how they contribute to effective circuit design. With insights into digital, analog, communication, and reset functionalities, you’ll gain a deeper understanding of how to integrate the ATMEGA16U2 into your projects for enhanced control and efficiency.

Catalog

Pinout

CAD Model

Symbol

Footprint

3D Model

Overview of ATmega16U2

The ATmega16U2 is an 8-bit microcontroller known for its low power consumption and adaptability due to the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. This design allows complex instructions to be processed within a single clock cycle, enabling impressive performance that can reach approximately 1 MIPS per MHz. This balance of power efficiency and processing speed facilitates diverse applications, especially where minimizing energy use is a priority.

Exploring the architecture further, the AVR's capability for single-cycle instruction execution enables you to write highly efficient code. This proves advantageous in contexts that demand rapid decision-making, such as embedded automotive systems or actual controls. The simplicity of the instruction set not only boosts performance but also eases the programming process. Consequently, you can often experience a more manageable learning curve with the ATmega16U2, accelerating the pace of innovation and creation.

Technical Specifications

Here is the table presenting the technical specifications, attributes, and parameters for Microchip Technology ATMEGA16U2-AU.

Type	Parameter
Factory Lead Time	10 Weeks
Contact Plating	Tin
Mount	Surface Mount
Mounting Type	Surface Mount
Package / Case	32-TQFP
Number of Pins	32
Number of I/Os	22
Watchdog Timers	Yes
Operating Temperature	-40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
Packaging	Tray
Series	AVR® ATmega
Published	2007
JESD-609 Code	e3
Pbfree Code	Yes
Part Status	Active
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)	3 (168 Hours)
Number of Terminations	32
Terminal Position	QUAD
Terminal Form	GULL WING
Peak Reflow Temperature (°C)	260
Supply Voltage	5V
Terminal Pitch	0.8mm
Frequency	16MHz
Time @ Peak Reflow Temp (s)	40
Base Part Number	ATMEGA16U2
Qualification Status	Not Qualified
Interface	SPI, Serial, UART, USART, USB
Memory Size	16kB
Oscillator Type	Internal
RAM Size	512 x 8
Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd)	2.7V ~ 5.5V
uPs/uCs/Peripheral ICs Type	Microcontroller, RISC
Core Processor	AVR
Peripherals	Brown-out Detect/Reset, POR, PWM, WDT
Program Memory Type	FLASH
Core Size	8-Bit
Program Memory Size	16KB (8K x 16)
Connectivity	SPI, UART/USART, USB
Bit Size	8
Has ADC	No
DMA Channels	No
Data Bus Width	8b
DAC Channels	No
Number of Timers/Counters	2
EEPROM Size	512 x 8
Number of PWM Channels	5
Number of SPI Channels	1
Height	1.05mm
Length	7mm
Width	7mm
REACH SVHC	No SVHC
RoHS Status	RoHS3 Compliant
Lead Free	Lead Free

Components with Similar Specifications

Part Number	ATMEGA16U2-AU	AT90USB162-16AUR	ATMEGA8U2-AU	ATMEGA8U2-AUR
Manufacturer	Microchip Technology	Microchip Technology	Microchip Technology	Microchip Technology
Package / Case	32-TQFP	32-TQFP	32-TQFP	32-TQFP
Number of Pins	32	32	32	32
Data Bus Width	8 b	8 b	8 b	8 b
Number of I/O	22	22	22	22
Interface	SPI, Serial, UART, USART, USB	SPI, UART, USART, USB	EBI/EMI, SPI, UART, USART, USB	EBI/EMI, SPI, UART, USART, USB
Memory Size	16 kB	8 kB	16 kB	8 kB
Supply Voltage	5 V	5 V	4.5 V	-
Peripherals	Brown-out Detect/Reset, Power-on Reset, Programmable I/O	Brown-out Detect/Reset, Power-on Reset, Programmable I/O	Brown-out Detect/Reset, Power-on Reset, Programmable I/O	Brown-out Detect/Reset, Power-on Reset, Programmable I/O

Features

Feature Category	Details
Core	High Performance, Low Power AVR® 8-Bit Microcontroller
Architecture	Advanced RISC Architecture
	- 125 Powerful Instructions – Most Single Clock Cycle Execution
	- 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers
	- Fully Static Operation
	- Up to 16 MIPS Throughput at 16 MHz
Memory	- 8K/16K/32K Bytes of In-System Self-Programmable Flash
	- 512/512/1024 EEPROM
	- 512/512/1024 Internal SRAM
	- Write/Erase Cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM
	- Data Retention: 20 years at 85°C / 100 years at 25°C
	- Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits
	- In-system programming by on-chip Boot Program
	- True Read-While-Write Operation
	- Programming Lock for Software Security
USB Module	- USB 2.0 Full-speed Device Module
	- Complies fully with Universal Serial Bus Specification REV 2.0
	- 48 MHz PLL for Full-speed Bus Operation (12 Mbit/s)
	- 176 bytes USB DPRAM for endpoint memory allocation
	- Endpoint 0 for Control Transfers (8 to 64 bytes)
	- 4 Programmable Endpoints
	- IN or OUT Directions
	- Bulk, Interrupt, and Isochronous Transfers
	- Programmable maximum packet size (8 to 64 bytes)
	- Programmable single or double buffer
	- Suspend/Resume Interrupts
	- Microcontroller reset on USB Bus Reset
	- USB Bus Disconnection on Microcontroller Request
Peripheral Features	- One 8-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler and Compare Mode (two 8-bit PWM channels)
	- One 16-bit Timer/Counter with Prescaler, Compare and Capture Mode (three 8-bit PWM channels)
	- USART with SPI master-only mode and hardware flow control (RTS/CTS)
	- Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface
	- Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator
	- On-chip Analog Comparator
	- Interrupt and Wake-up on Pin Change
Debugging	On-Chip Debug Interface (debugWIRE)
Special Features	- Power-On Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection
	- Internal Calibrated Oscillator
	- External and Internal Interrupt Sources
	- Five Sleep Modes: Idle, Power-save, Power-down, Standby, and Extended Standby
I/O and Packages	- 22 Programmable I/O Lines
	- QFN32 (5x5mm) / TQFP32 Packages
Operating Voltage	2.7 - 5.5V
Operating Temperature	Industrial (-40°C to +85°C)
Maximum Frequency	- 8 MHz at 2.7V (Industrial range)
	- 16 MHz at 4.5V (Industrial range)

Block Diagram

Advantages

The ATmega16U2 microcontroller stands out for its remarkable power efficiency, delivering high functionality while consuming minimal energy. This quality makes it exceptionally suitable for portable and battery-operated devices, catering to those who value longevity and convenience. Built on cutting-edge memory technology, the microcontroller aims for optimal performance with an emphasis on reducing unnecessary power loss. Such a feature is mostly appealing for applications that require enduring operation, allowing devices to function over long periods without the hassle of frequent recharging or changing power sources.

Support for community-driven development adds another compelling layer to the ATmega16U2's advantages. Equipped with a robust bootloader, the system enables seamless updates to applications, ensuring ongoing operations are not disrupted. A vibrant global community fuels an extensive ecosystem of software libraries and development tools, expediting the prototyping process and the rollout of innovative solutions. This collaborative environment nurtures the exchange of knowledge and resources, providing everyday perceptions that enrich and elevate application development.

At the core of the ATmega16U2 lies an integrated RISC CPU alongside ISP Flash memory, granting it an unmatched versatility that caters to a wide range of embedded systems. This integration empowers the microcontroller to undertake complex computing tasks while ensuring straightforward programming and execution. The architecture is specifically designed to manage computationally demanding operations and multitasking, which play a dynamic role in various applications—spanning from consumer electronics that enhance daily experiences to industrial automation that drives efficiency and productivity in the workforce.

Package

Manufacturer

Microchip Technology Inc. emerges as a prominent force in embedded control solutions, reflecting a dedication to innovation that goes beyond its vast selection of development tools and offerings. The organization boasts a sturdy infrastructure designed for streamlined design processes, effectively facilitating the implementation of products across a variety of sectors. Operating from its headquarters in Chandler, Arizona, Microchip proudly serves over 120,000 clients globally, highlighting its substantial influence and reputation across numerous industries.

The landscape of embedded control has transformed intensely, with innovative enterprises like Microchip leading the charge in these technological strides. Their diverse portfolio encompasses microcontrollers as well as an extensive selection of peripherals, all aimed at augmenting overall system capabilities. This rich collection empowers you to customize solutions tailored to their specific needs, paving the way for the development of applications that span a wide spectrum—from consumer electronics to industrial automation.

Datasheet PDF

ATMEGA16U2-AU Datasheets:

ATMEGA8/16/32U2 Datasheet.pdf

ATMEGA8/16/32U2 Summary.pdf

AT90USB162-16AUR Datasheets:

AT90USB82,162 Datasheet.pdf

AT90USB82,162 Summary.pdf

ATMEGA8U2-AU Datasheets:

ATMEGA8/16/32U2 Datasheet.pdf

ATMEGA8/16/32U2 Summary.pdf

ATMEGA8U2-AUR Datasheets:

ATMEGA8/16/32U2 Datasheet.pdf

ATMEGA8/16/32U2 Summary.pdf